List out types of operating system and explain batch OS and time sharing OS in brief.
Types of operating system:
- Mainframe Operating Systems
- Server Operating Systems
- Multiprocessor Operating Systems
- Personal Computer Operating Systems
- Handhelds Computer Operating Systems
- Embedded Operating Systems
- Sensor Node Operating Systems
- Real Time Operating Systems
- Smart Card Operating Systems
Batch Operating System
- Batch operating system is one that processes routine jobs without any interactive user presents. Such as claim processing in insurance and sales reporting etc.
- To improve utilization, the concept of batch operating system was developed. Jobs with similar needs were batched together and were run through the computer as a group.
- Thus, the programmer would leave their program with operator, who in turn would sort program into batches with similar requirements.
- The operator then loaded a special program (the ancestor of today’s operating system), which read the first job from magnetic tape and run it.
- The output was written onto a second magnetic tape, instead of being printed.
- After each job finished, the operating system automatically read the next job from the tape and began running it.
- When the whole batch was done, the operator removed the input and output tapes, replaced the input tape with the next batch, and brought the output tape for offline printing.
- With the use of this type of operating system, the user no longer has direct access to machine.
Time sharing Operating System
- Time Sharing is a logical extension of multiprogramming.
- Multiple jobs are executed by the simultaneously by switching the CPU back and forth among them.
- The switching occurs so frequently (speedy) that the users can identify the presence of other users or programs and also he may interact with his own program while it is running.
- Processor’s time is shared among multiple users. An interactive or hands on computer system provides online communication between the user and the system.
- A time shared operating system uses CPU scheduling and multiprogramming to provide each user with a small portion of a time shared computer. Each user has at least one separate program in memory.
- A time shared operating system allows many users to share computer simultaneously.
- Since each action or command in a time shared system tends to be short, only a little CPU time is needed for each user.
